Chronic bronchitis is an established phenotype with a clinical definition, associated outcomes, and targeted treatments. [1] The same cannot be said for emphysema, but a recently published letter [2] ...

Visually assessed pulmonary emphysema independently predicted modestly elevated all-cause mortality risk over 25 years of follow-up in patients with a history of smoking. After controlling for other ...

Pulmonary emphysema is a progressive lung disease that is defined by an abnormal permanent enlargement of airspaces distal to the terminal bronchioles, accompanied by destruction of their walls and ...